Restless Legs syndrome
Restless legs syndrome is a common condition in non-intubated patients which may get aggravated by ICU enviroment. Major factors associated with Restless Leg Syndrome in ICU are
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Withdrawal from vasodilator drugs and sedatives
- Cigarette smoking, alcohol and caffeine withdrawal
- Various drugs including phenytoin, antidepressant drugs, H2 blockers, lithium, beta-blockers and antipsychotics
- Hypomagnesemia
- Renal insufficiency (uremia)
Various pharmacological agents have been described and used with success including benzodiazepines, carbamazepine and clonidine. In ICU situation, one useful drug in this regard is Ropinirole which is a Dopamine agonist. One of the effect of Ropinirole is heavy sleepiness, which can be use as a bonus benefit in ICU. Dose can be initiated from .25 mg PO QHS upto 4 mg PO QHS.
References: (click to get abstract)
1. Restless Legs Syndrome: Detection and Management in Primary Care - NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE WORKING GROUP ON RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME - Vol. 62/No. 1 (July 1, 2000) - American Family Physician.
2. Ropinirole is effective in the treatment of restless legs syndrome. TREAT RLS 2: a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study - Mov Disord. 2004 Dec;19(12):1414-23.
